soilKey

Automated Soil Profile Classification per 'WRB' 2022, 'SiBCS' 5 and 'USDA' Soil Taxonomy 13

Implements deterministic classification keys for the World Reference Base for Soil Resources ('WRB') 2022, 4th edition (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2022, ISBN:979-8-9862451-1-9), the Brazilian System of Soil Classification ('SiBCS') 5th edition (Santos et al., 2018, ISBN:978-85-7035-800-4) and the United States Department of Agriculture ('USDA') Soil Taxonomy 13th edition (Soil Survey Staff, 2022, <https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/resources/guides-and-instructions/keys-to-soil-taxonomy>). Provides a unified profile representation with explicit per-attribute provenance, multimodal extraction from field reports and photos via vision-language models (VLM), spatial priors from 'SoilGrids' (Poggio et al., 2021, <doi:10.5194/soil-7-217-2021>) and national soil maps, and gap-filling of soil attributes from visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) or mid-infrared (MIR) spectra via the Open Soil Spectral Library ('OSSL'; Safanelli et al., 2025, <doi:10.7717/peerj.18908>). The taxonomic key itself is never delegated to a large language model (LLM); LLMs are restricted to schema-validated extraction. Each classification result reports a key trace, a provenance-aware evidence grade, and ambiguities that further measurement would resolve.

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